| EU AI Act Full Text (Regulation (EU) 2024/1689) | 全球法規 | https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/regulatory-framework-ai |
| EU AI Act Implementation Timeline | 全球法規 | https://artificialintelligenceact.eu/implementation-timeline |
| High-level Summary of the AI Act | 全球法規 | https://artificialintelligenceact.eu/high-level-summary |
| EU AI Act: GPAI Obligations from August 2025 — Baker McKenzie | 全球法規 | https://www.bakermckenzie.com/en/insight/publications/2025/08/general-purpose-ai-obligations |
| EU AI Act GPAI Guidelines (European Commission) | 全球法規 | https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/guidelines-gpai-providers |
| EU AI Office | 全球法規 | https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/ai-office |
| DLA Piper: Latest wave of EU AI Act obligations, August 2025 | 全球法規 | https://www.dlapiper.com/en-us/insights/publications/2025/08/latest-wave-of-obligations-under-the-eu-ai-act-take-effect |
| EU AI Act Annex III: High-Risk AI Systems | 全球法規 | https://artificialintelligenceact.eu/annex/3 |
| Modulos: EU AI Act Prohibited Practices | 全球法規 | https://www.modulos.ai/blog/eu-ai-act-prohibited-practices |
| Executive Order 14110 (Biden) — Wikipedia | 全球法規 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_Order_14110 |
| Trump EO 14179: Removing Barriers to American Leadership in AI | 全球法規 | https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/removing-barriers-to-american-leadership-in-artificial-intelligence |
| OECD.AI: EO 14179 Summary | 全球法規 | https://oecd.ai/en/dashboards/policy-initiatives/executive-order-14179-removing-barriers-to-american-leadership-in-ai |
| America's AI Action Plan "Winning the Race" (July 2025) | 全球法規 | https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/Americas-AI-Action-Plan.pdf |
| Trump EO on National AI Policy Framework (December 2025) | 全球法規 | https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/12/eliminating-state-law-obstruction-of-national-artificial-intelligence-policy |
| Gibson Dunn: Trump EO Preempting State AI Laws | 全球法規 | https://www.gibsondunn.com/president-trump-latest-executive-order-on-ai-seeks-to-preempt-state-laws |
| NIST AI Risk Management Framework 1.0 | 全球法規 | https://www.nist.gov/itl/ai-risk-management-framework |
| Colorado AI Act (Norton Rose Fulbright) | 全球法規 | https://www.nortonrosefulbright.com/en-us/knowledge/publications/18733d31/colorado-enacts-revised-ai-law |
| California AI Laws (Pillsbury) | 全球法規 | https://www.pillsburylaw.com/en/news-and-insights/sb-1047-california-ai-laws.html |
| State AI Laws 2026 | 全球法規 | https://www.ailawsbystate.com/blog/ai-laws-by-state-complete-guide-2026 |
| Deepfake Legislation Tracker | 全球法規 | https://stackcyber.com/posts/ai-deepfake-laws |
| 中國《互聯網信息服務算法推薦管理規定》（網信辦官網） | 全球法規 | https://www.cac.gov.cn/2022-01/04/c_1642894606364259.htm |
| 中國《互聯網信息服務深度合成管理規定》（網信辦官網） | 全球法規 | https://www.cac.gov.cn/2022-12/11/c_1672221949354811.htm |
| 中國《生成式人工智能服務管理暫行辦法》（網信辦官網） | 全球法規 | https://www.cac.gov.cn/2023-07/13/c_1690898326795531.htm |
| 中國《人工智能生成合成內容標識辦法》（網信辦官網） | 全球法規 | https://www.cac.gov.cn/2025-03/14/c_1743654684782215.htm |
| 聖島智財：中國 AI 生成合成內容標識新制及影響 | 全球法規 | https://www.saint-island.com.tw/TW/News/News_Info.aspx?IT=News_1&CID=266&ID=143289 |
| China's AI Law: Recent Developments (Geopolitechs) | 全球法規 | https://www.geopolitechsorg/p/chinas-ai-law-recent-developments |
| UK AI Regulation: A Pro-Innovation Approach (GOV.UK) | 全球法規 | https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ai-regulation-a-pro-innovation-approach |
| UK AI Opportunities Action Plan: One Year On | 全球法規 | https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ai-opportunities-action-plan-one-year-on |
| KPMG: UK's Evolving Pro-Innovation AI Regulation | 全球法規 | https://kpmg.com/xx/en/our-insights/ai-and-technology/the-uk-s-evolving-pro-innovation-approach-to-ai-regulation.html |
| White & Case: AI Watch - UK | 全球法規 | https://www.whitecase.com/insight-our-thinking/ai-watch-global-regulatory-tracker-united-kingdom |
| Canada AIDA Overview (ISED) | 全球法規 | https://ised-isde.canada.ca/site/innovation-better-canada/en/artificial-intelligence-and-data-act |
| Brazil AI Bill 2338 (Library of Congress) | 全球法規 | https://www.loc.gov/item/global-legal-monitor/2025-05-23/brazil-senate-advances-discussions-on-bill-to-regulate-ai-use |
| South Korea AI Basic Act (US ITA) | 全球法規 | https://www.trade.gov/market-intelligence/south-korea-artificial-intelligence-ai-basic-act |
| OneTrust: South Korea AI Basic Act Compliance | 全球法規 | https://www.onetrust.com/blog/south-koreas-new-ai-law-what-it-means-for-organizations-and-how-to-prepare |
| Japan's AI Promotion Act (FPF) | 全球法規 | https://fpf.org/blog/understanding-japans-ai-promotion-act-an-innovation-first-blueprint-for-ai-regulation |
| Japan AI Regulation 2025 (Nemko) | 全球法規 | https://digital.nemko.com/regulations/ai-regulation-japan |
| OECD AI Principles | 國際標準 | https://oecd.ai/en/ai-principles |
| Evolving with innovation: The 2024 OECD AI Principles update | 國際標準 | https://oecd.ai/en/wonk/evolving-with-innovation-the-2024-oecd-ai-principles-update |
| OECD updates AI Principles | 國際標準 | https://www.oecd.org/en/about/news/press-releases/2024/05/oecd-updates-ai-principles-to-stay-abreast-of-rapid-technological-developments.html |
| OECD AI Principles 2024: What Changed | 國際標準 | https://www.getlimina.ai/en/blog/oecd-ai-principles-2024 |
| AI Rules: The 2024 update to the OECD AI Principles | 國際標準 | https://digitalpolicyalert.org/ai-rules/2024-update-OECD-principles |
| UNESCO Recommendation on the Ethics of AI | 國際標準 | https://www.unesco.org/en/artificial-intelligence/recommendation-ethics |
| UNESCO's Recommendation on AI Ethics: Key Facts | 國際標準 | https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/unescos-recommendation-ethics-artificial-intelligence-key-facts |
| 193 countries adopt first-ever global agreement on AI Ethics | 國際標準 | https://news.un.org/en/story/2021/11/1106612 |
| Global AI Ethics and Governance Observatory | 國際標準 | https://www.unesco.org/ethics-ai/en |
| UNESCO Recommendation on AI Ethics (EvalCommunity) | 國際標準 | https://academy.evalcommunity.com/unesco-recommendation-on-ai-ethics |
| Hiroshima Process International Guiding Principles | 國際標準 | https://g7.utoronto.ca/summit/2023hiroshima/231030-ai-principles.html |
| Hiroshima Process International Code of Conduct | 國際標準 | https://g7.utoronto.ca/summit/2023hiroshima/231030-ai-code-of-conduct.html |
| The Hiroshima AI Process (Japan Gov) | 國際標準 | https://www.japan.go.jp/kizuna/2024/02/hiroshima_ai_process.html |
| OECD launches pilot to monitor G7 Code of Conduct | 國際標準 | https://www.oecd.org/en/about/news/press-releases/2024/07/oecd-launches-pilot-to-monitor-application-of-g7-code-of-conduct-on-advanced-ai-development.html |
| HAIP Reporting Framework (OECD.AI) | 國際標準 | https://oecd.ai/en/g7-reporting-framework |
| General Assembly adopts landmark resolution on AI | 國際標準 | https://news.un.org/en/story/2024/03/1147831 |
| A/RES/78/311 | 國際標準 | https://docs.un.org/en/A/RES/78/311 |
| AI Advisory Body, United Nations | 國際標準 | https://www.un.org/en/ai-advisory-body |
| Governing AI for Humanity: Final Report | 國際標準 | https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/governing_ai_for_humanity_final_report_en.pdf |
| Global Digital Compact | 國際標準 | https://www.un.org/digital-emerging-technologies/global-digital-compact |
| UNGA adopts terms of reference for AI Scientific Panel | 國際標準 | https://dig.watch/updates/un-general-assembly-adopts-terms-of-reference-for-ai-scientific-panel-and-global-dialogue-on-ai-governance |
| Framework Convention on AI (Wikipedia) | 國際標準 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Framework_Convention_on_Artificial_Intelligence |
| Council of Europe adopts first international treaty on AI | 國際標準 | https://www.coe.int/en/web/portal/-/council-of-europe-adopts-first-international-treaty-on-artificial-intelligence |
| European Commission signs Council of Europe Framework Convention | 國際標準 | https://www.eeas.europa.eu/delegations/council-europe/european-commission-signs-historic-council-europe-framework-convention-artificial-intelligence-and_en |
| Council of Europe Framework Convention (US State Dept) | 國際標準 | https://www.state.gov/bureau-of-democracy-human-rights-and-labor/the-council-of-europes-framework-convention-on-artificial-intelligence-and-human-rights-democracy-and-the-rule-of-law |
| ISO/IEC 42001:2023 | 國際標準 | https://www.iso.org/standard/42001 |
| ISO/IEC 42001 (Microsoft Learn) | 國際標準 | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/compliance/regulatory/offering-iso-42001 |
| ISO/IEC 23894:2023 | 國際標準 | https://www.iso.org/standard/77304.html |
| ISO/IEC 23894 (AI Standards Hub) | 國際標準 | https://aistandardshub.org/a-new-standard-for-ai-risk-management |
| ISO/IEC TR 24028:2020 | 國際標準 | https://www.iso.org/standard/77608.html |
| ISO/IEC 22989:2022 | 國際標準 | https://www.iso.org/standard/74296.html |
| The Bletchley Declaration | 國際標準 | https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ai-safety-summit-2023-the-bletchley-declaration/the-bletchley-declaration-by-countries-attending-the-ai-safety-summit-1-2-november-2023 |
| Frontier AI Safety Commitments, AI Seoul Summit 2024 | 國際標準 | https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/frontier-ai-safety-commitments-ai-seoul-summit-2024 |
| Key Outcomes of the AI Seoul Summit | 國際標準 | https://www.techuk.org/resource/key-outcomes-of-the-ai-seoul-summit.html |
| International Network of AI Safety Institutes (NIST) | 國際標準 | https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/11/fact-sheet-us-department-commerce-us-department-state-launch-international |
| AI Safety Summit (Wikipedia) | 國際標準 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI_Safety_Summit |
| AI Action Summit 2025 (Wikipedia) | 國際標準 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI_Action_Summit_2025 |
| Paris AI Action Summit 2025: Key Takeaways | 國際標準 | https://www.sourcingspeak.com/ai-action-summit-2025-key-takeaways-global-ai-governance |
| India AI Impact Summit 2026 (ORF) | 國際標準 | https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/from-dialogue-to-deployment-strategic-outcomes-of-the-india-ai-impact-summit-2026 |
| India AI Impact Summit 2026 Declaration | 國際標準 | https://www.pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=2234343 |
| New Delhi Frontier AI Impact Commitments | 國際標準 | https://ddnews.gov.in/en/india-unveils-new-delhi-frontier-ai-commitments-at-ai-impact-summit |
| AI Governance: Three Lessons from the Global Digital Compact | 國際標準 | https://unfoundation.org/blog/post/ai-governance-three-lessons-from-the-global-digital-compact |
| Taiwan AI Basic Act | 國際標準 | https://www.hungyichen.com/en/insights/ai-governance-regulatory-landscape-2026 |
| ProPublica — Machine Bias: Risk Assessments in Criminal Sentencing | 倫理與安全 | https://www.propublica.org/article/machine-bias-risk-assessments-in-criminal-sentencing |
| Chouldechova, A. — Fair prediction with disparate impact: A study of bias in recidivism prediction instruments | 倫理與安全 | https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.00056 |
| Buolamwini, J. & Gebru, T. — Gender Shades: Intersectional Accuracy Disparities in Commercial Gender Classification | 倫理與安全 | http://proceedings.mlr.press/v81/buolamwini18a.html |
| NIST — NIST Study Evaluates Effects of Race, Age, Sex on Face Recognition Software | 倫理與安全 | https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2019/12/nist-study-evaluates-effects-race-age-sex-face-recognition-software |
| Anthropic — Responsible Scaling Policy Version 3.0 | 倫理與安全 | https://www.anthropic.com/news/responsible-scaling-policy-v3 |
| Anthropic — Constitutional AI: Harmlessness from AI Feedback (arXiv) | 倫理與安全 | https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.08073 |
| Google DeepMind — Updating the Frontier Safety Framework | 倫理與安全 | https://deepmind.google/blog/updating-the-frontier-safety-framework |
| Google DeepMind — Gemini 3 Pro Frontier Safety Framework Report | 倫理與安全 | https://storage.googleapis.com/deepmind-media/gemini/gemini_3_pro_fsf_report.pdf |
| OpenAI — Our Updated Preparedness Framework | 倫理與安全 | https://openai.com/index/updating-our-preparedness-framework |
| Microsoft — Responsible AI Transparency Report 2025 | 倫理與安全 | https://cdn-dynmedia-1.microsoft.com/is/content/microsoftcorp/microsoft/msc/documents/presentations/CSR/Responsible-AI-Transparency-Report-2025-vertical.pdf |
| Microsoft — Responsible AI Principles and Approach | 倫理與安全 | https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/ai/principles-and-approach |
| Google — AI Principles | 倫理與安全 | https://ai.google/principles |
| IBM Research — Introducing AI Fairness 360 | 倫理與安全 | https://research.ibm.com/blog/ai-fairness-360 |
| Meta AI — Announcing Purple Llama: Towards Open Trust and Safety in the New World of Generative AI | 倫理與安全 | https://ai.meta.com/blog/purple-llama-open-trust-safety-generative-ai |
| MLCommons — AILuminate v1.0 | 倫理與安全 | https://mlcommons.org/ailuminate |
| MLCommons — AILuminate Jailbreak v0.5 | 倫理與安全 | https://mlcommons.org/2025/10/ailuminate-jailbreak-v05 |
| UK AI Security Institute — AISI Frontier AI Trends Report 2025 | 倫理與安全 | https://www.aisi.gov.uk/research/aisi-frontier-ai-trends-report-2025 |
| UK AISI — Our 2025 Year in Review | 倫理與安全 | https://www.aisi.gov.uk/blog/our-2025-year-in-review |
| Frontier Model Forum — Progress Update: Advancing Frontier AI Safety in 2024 and Beyond | 倫理與安全 | https://www.frontiermodelforum.org/updates/progress-update-advancing-frontier-ai-safety-in-2024-and-beyond |
| Future of Life Institute — AI Safety Summits | 倫理與安全 | https://futureoflife.org/project/ai-safety-summits |
| CSIS — The AI Seoul Summit | 倫理與安全 | https://www.csis.org/analysis/ai-seoul-summit |
| Arxiv — International AI Safety Report | 倫理與安全 | https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.17805 |
| Arxiv — Why do Experts Disagree on Existential Risk and P(doom)? | 倫理與安全 | https://arxiv.org/html/2502.14870v1 |
| Arxiv — Redefining AI Red Teaming in the Agentic Era | 倫理與安全 | https://arxiv.org/html/2605.04019v1 |
| TensorBlue — Explainable AI (XAI) 2025: SHAP, LIME & Model Interpretability | 倫理與安全 | https://tensorblue.com/blog/explainable-ai-xai-shap-lime-model-interpretability-2025 |
| Wiley Advanced Intelligent Systems — A Perspective on XAI Methods: SHAP and LIME | 倫理與安全 | https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/aisy.202400304 |
| CFA Institute — Explainable AI in Finance | 倫理與安全 | https://rpc.cfainstitute.org/research/reports/2025/explainable-ai-in-finance |
| ICO — How do we ensure individual rights in our AI systems? | 倫理與安全 | https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/uk-gdpr-guidance-and-resources/artificial-intelligence/guidance-on-ai-and-data-protection/how-do-we-ensure-individual-rights-in-our-ai-systems |
| FPF — GPA 2025: AI development and human oversight | 倫理與安全 | https://fpf.org/blog/gpa-2025-ai-development-and-human-oversight-of-decisions-involving-ai-systems-were-this-years-focus-for-global-privacy-regulators |
| MIT Technology Review — The AI Doomers Feel Undeterred | 倫理與安全 | https://www.technologyreview.com/2025/12/15/1129171/the-ai-doomers-feel-undeterred |
| The Next Web — Bengio AI Extinction Warning LawZero Safety | 倫理與安全 | https://thenextweb.com/news/bengio-ai-extinction-warning-lawzero-safety |
| Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists — Stopping the Clock on Catastrophic AI Risk | 倫理與安全 | https://thebulletin.org/premium/2025-12/stopping-the-clock-on-catastrophic-ai-risk |
| Fortune — Workday, Amazon AI Employment Bias Claims | 倫理與安全 | https://fortune.com/2025/07/05/workday-amazon-alleged-ai-employment-bias-hiring-discrimination |
| Mindgard — AI Red Teaming in 2026: The Complete Guide | 倫理與安全 | https://mindgard.ai/blog/what-is-ai-red-teaming |
| AI Safety Directory — Demographic Parity Guide 2026 | 倫理與安全 | https://aisecurityandsafety.org/en/guides/demographic-parity-guide |
| Anthropic — Claude Opus 4.5 System Card | 倫理與安全 | https://assets.anthropic.com/m/64823ba7485345a7/Claude-Opus-4-5-System-Card.pdf |
| Anthropic — Claude 4 System Card (Opus 4 & Sonnet 4) | 倫理與安全 | https://www.anthropic.com/claude-4-system-card |
| EPC — The Paris Summit: Au Revoir, Global AI Safety? | 倫理與安全 | https://www.epc.eu/publication/The-Paris-Summit-Au-Revoir-global-AI-Safety-61ea68 |
| Governance of AI: A Critical Imperative for Today's Boards | 企業治理 | https://corpgov.law.harvard.edu/2025/05/27/governance-of-ai-a-critical-imperative-for-todays-boards-2 |
| How Boards Can Lead in a World Remade by AI | 企業治理 | https://corpgov.law.harvard.edu/2026/02/19/how-boards-can-lead-in-a-world-remade-by-ai |
| Board Oversight and Artificial Intelligence: Key Governance Priorities for 2026, WilmerHale | 企業治理 | https://www.wilmerhale.com/en/insights/client-alerts/20260122-board-oversight-and-artificial-intelligence-key-governance-priorities-for-2026 |
| Chief AI Officer 2026: Real Role or Just Another C-Level Title?, Digital Chiefs | 企業治理 | https://www.digital-chiefs.de/en/chief-ai-officer-2026 |
| NIST AI 600-1: Artificial Intelligence Risk Management Framework — Generative Artificial Intelligence Profile | 企業治理 | https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/ai/NIST.AI.600-1.pdf |
| NIST AI RMF: Enterprise Guide, Witness.AI | 企業治理 | https://witness.ai/blog/nist-ai-risk-management-framework |
| NIST AI RMF 1.0 Complete Guide, Modulos Docs | 企業治理 | https://docs.modulos.ai/frameworks/nist-ai-rmf/index |
| Generative AI Risk Management: Complete Guide to NIST AI 600-1, Libertify | 企業治理 | https://www.libertify.com/interactive-library/nist-ai-600-1-generative-ai-profile |
| Building a Practical Framework for AI Governance Maturity in the Enterprise, Dataversity | 企業治理 | https://www.dataversity.net/articles/building-a-practical-framework-for-ai-governance-maturity-in-the-enterprise |
| Enterprise AI Governance Framework: 4 Components, 4 Risk Tiers, Iternal.ai | 企業治理 | https://iternal.ai/ai-governance-framework |
| How to Establish an AI Ethics Board and Governance Committee, Agility at Scale | 企業治理 | https://agility-at-scale.com/ai/governance/ai-ethics-board-and-governance-committee |
| What Is Model Governance?, IBM | 企業治理 | https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/model-governance |
| How Model Risk Management Teams Comply with SR 11-7, ValidMind | 企業治理 | https://validmind.com/blog/sr-11-7-model-risk-management-compliance |
| Model Registry and Governance | MLOps Production AI 2025, Introl | 企業治理 | https://introl.com/blog/model-registry-governance-mlops-production-ai-2025 |
| Model Cards for Model Reporting, Mitchell et al. (2019), ACM FAccT | 企業治理 | https://arxiv.org/pdf/1810.03993 |
| Datasheets for Datasets, Gebru et al. (2018) | 企業治理 | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324055506_Datasheets_for_Datasets |
| The Rise of Shadow AI: Auditing Unauthorized AI Tools in the Enterprise, ISACA | 企業治理 | https://www.isaca.org/resources/news-and-trends/industry-news/2025/the-rise-of-shadow-ai-auditing-unauthorized-ai-tools-in-the-enterprise |
| Shadow AI explained: risks, costs, and enterprise governance, Vectra AI | 企業治理 | https://www.vectra.ai/topics/shadow-ai |
| [2026 Update] The Full Scope of Shadow AI Risk, QueryPie | 企業治理 | https://www.querypie.com/features/documentation/blog/27/shadow-ai-risk-cxo-countermeasures |
| AI Risk in Third-Party Vendor Tools, Accorian | 企業治理 | https://www.accorian.com/ai-risk-in-third-party-vendor-tools |
| AI Risk Disclosures in the S&P 500, Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance | 企業治理 | https://corpgov.law.harvard.edu/2025/10/15/ai-risk-disclosures-in-the-sp-500-reputation-cybersecurity-and-regulation |
| Understanding ISO/IEC 42001: Features, Types & Best Practices, Lasso Security | 企業治理 | https://www.lasso.security/blog/iso-iec-42001 |
| ISO 42001 Certification: The New Benchmark for AI Vendor Selection, SAP Community | 企業治理 | https://community.sap.com/t5/technology-blog-posts-by-sap/iso-42001-certification-the-new-benchmark-for-ai-vendor-selection/ba-p/14331515 |
| ISO/IEC 42001 explained: Why Responsible AI and AI Governance are critical, Cornerstone | 企業治理 | https://www.cornerstoneondemand.com/resources/article/iso-iec-42001-explained |
| The power of AI in efficient SOX compliance, Grant Thornton | 企業治理 | https://www.grantthornton.com/insights/articles/advisory/2025/the-power-of-ai-in-efficient-sox-compliance |
| Board Oversight of AI Triples Since '24, Corporate Compliance Insights | 企業治理 | https://www.corporatecomplianceinsights.com/news-roundup-october-31-2025 |
| What Is an AI Audit?, IBM | 企業治理 | https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/ai-audit |
| NIST AI RMF 600-1 12 Official Risk Categories, Modulos Docs | 企業治理 | https://docs.modulos.ai/frameworks/nist-ai-rmf/generative-ai-profile |
| New York Times v. OpenAI case tracker | 智財治理 | https://ailawsuittracker.com |
| Davis Wright Tremaine: Thomson Reuters v. Ross Intelligence ruling analysis | 智財治理 | https://www.dwt.com/blogs/artificial-intelligence-law-advisor/2025/02/reuters-ross-court-ruling-ai-copyright-fair-use |
| Reed Smith: Court shuts down AI fair use argument in Thomson Reuters v. Ross | 智財治理 | https://www.reedsmith.com/en/perspectives/2025/03/court-ai-fair-use-thomson-reuters-enterprise-gmbh-ross-intelligence |
| US Copyright Office: AI Reports Index | 智財治理 | https://www.copyright.gov/ai |
| US Copyright Office: Part 2 Copyrightability Report | 智財治理 | https://www.copyright.gov/ai/Copyright-and-Artificial-Intelligence-Part-2-Copyrightability-Report.pdf |
| US Copyright Office: AI Policy Guidance | 智財治理 | https://www.copyright.gov/ai/ai_policy_guidance.pdf |
| Skadden: Copyright Office Publishes Report on AI Copyrightability | 智財治理 | https://www.skadden.com/insights/publications/2025/02/copyright-office-publishes-report |
| Jones Day: Copyrightability of AI Outputs (Thaler v. Perlmutter analysis) | 智財治理 | https://www.jonesday.com/en/insights/2025/02/copyrightability-of-ai-outputs-us-copyright-office-analyzes-human-authorship-requirement |
| Skadden: Copyright Office Weighs In on AI Training and Fair Use (Part 3) | 智財治理 | https://www.skadden.com/insights/publications/2025/05/copyright-office-report |
| Crowell & Moring: US Copyright Office Releases Third Report on AI | 智財治理 | https://www.crowell.com/en/insights/client-alerts/us-copyright-office-releases-third-report-on-ai-and-copyright-addressing-training-ai-models-with-copyrighted-materials |
| Latham & Watkins: Getty Images v. Stability AI: English High Court Rejects Secondary Copyright Claim | 智財治理 | https://www.lw.com/en/insights/getty-images-v-stability-ai-english-high-court-rejects-secondary-copyright-claim |
| Mayer Brown: Getty Images v Stability AI UK High Court Analysis | 智財治理 | https://www.mayerbrown.com/en/insights/publications/2025/11/getty-images-v-stability-ai-what-the-high-courts-decision-means-for-rights-holders-and-ai-developers |
| Knowing Machines: Andersen v. Stability AI | 智財治理 | https://knowingmachines.org/knowing-legal-machines/legal-explainer/cases/andersen-v-stability-ai |
| Mesh IP Law: Andersen v. Stability AI litigation tracker | 智財治理 | https://www.meshiplaw.com/litigation-tracker/andersen-v-stability-ai |
| McKool Smith: AI Infringement Case Updates (multiple dates) | 智財治理 | https://www.mckoolsmith.com/newsroom-ailitigation-46 |
| Chat GPT Is Eating the World: Status of all 51 copyright lawsuits v. AI (Oct. 8, 2025) | 智財治理 | https://chatgptiseatingtheworld.com/2025/10/08/status-of-all-51-copyright-lawsuits-v-ai-oct-8-2025-no-more-decisions-on-fair-use-in-2025 |
| Axios: NYT case against OpenAI and Microsoft can advance | 智財治理 | https://www.axios.com/2025/04/01/nyt-openai-microsoft-lawsuit-advances |
| USPTO: Revised Inventorship Guidance for AI-Assisted Inventions (Federal Register) | 智財治理 | https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/11/28/2025-21457/revised-inventorship-guidance-for-ai-assisted-inventions |
| IPWatchdog: USPTO AI Guidance Reiterates DABUS Decision | 智財治理 | https://ipwatchdog.com/2024/02/12/uspto-ai-guidance-reiterates-dabus-decision |
| Goodwin: USPTO Issues Revised Inventorship Guidance for AI-Assisted Inventions | 智財治理 | https://www.goodwinlaw.com/en/insights/publications/2025/12/alerts-lifesciences-uspto-issues-revised-inventorship-guidance |
| DABUS Wikipedia | 智財治理 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DABUS |
| JUVE Patent: UK Supreme Court final say on DABUS | 智財治理 | https://www.juve-patent.com/cases/uk-supreme-court-dabus-named-inventor-patent-stephen-thaler |
| WIPO: China-Based Inventors Filing Most GenAI Patents | 智財治理 | https://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2024/article_0009.html |
| WIPO Patent Landscape Report: Generative AI | 智財治理 | https://www.wipo.int/web-publications/patent-landscape-report-generative-artificial-intelligence-genai/en/2-global-patenting-and-research-in-genai.html |
| WIPO: Artificial Intelligence and IP (main page) | 智財治理 | https://www.wipo.int/en/web/frontier-technologies/artificial-intelligence/index |
| OSI: Open Source AI Definition 1.0 | 智財治理 | https://opensource.org/ai/open-source-ai-definition |
| OSI: Meta's LLaMa license is still not Open Source | 智財治理 | https://opensource.org/blog/metas-llama-license-is-still-not-open-source |
| TechCrunch: We finally have an 'official' definition for open source AI | 智財治理 | https://techcrunch.com/2024/10/28/we-finally-have-an-official-definition-for-open-source-ai |
| C2PA Viewer: EU AI Act and C2PA (Article 50 requirements) | 智財治理 | https://c2paviewer.com/articles/eu-ai-act-content-credentials |
| Institute PM: AI Content Provenance and Watermarking: C2PA and SynthID guide | 智財治理 | https://www.institutepm.com/knowledge-hub/ai-content-provenance-watermarking |
| Mayer Brown: EU AI Act GPAI rules start applying (August 2025) | 智財治理 | https://www.mayerbrown.com/en/insights/publications/2025/08/eu-ai-act-news-rules-on-general-purpose-ai-start-applying-guidelines-and-template-for-summary-of-training-data-finalized |
| Clifford Chance: Copyright compliance under EU AI Act for GPAI | 智財治理 | https://www.cliffordchance.com/insights/resources/blogs/ip-insights/2025/10/copyright-compliance-under-the-eu-ai-act-for-gpai-model-providers.html |
| Ocean Tomo / J.S. Held: IP and AI Asset Management in M&A Transactions | 智財治理 | https://oceantomo.com/insights/increasing-exit-multiples-ip-and-ai-asset-management-in-ma-transactions |
| Ocean Tomo: AI as IP Framework | 智財治理 | https://oceantomo.com/insights/ai-as-ip-a-framework-for-boards-executives-and-investors |
| Houston Harbaugh: A 2025 AI and Trade Secret Law Retrospective | 智財治理 | https://hh-law.com/blogs/blog-intellectual-property-litigation-protection-and-prosecution-dtsa-ai-artificial-intelligence-lawyers |
| Herbert Smith Freehills: Trade secrets in the AI era | 智財治理 | https://www.hsfkramer.com/insights/2025-10/trade-secrets-in-the-ai-ere-navigating-transparency-under-the-eu-ai-act |
| DLA Piper: Can AI-generated content be protected by copyright? UK, EU and China | 智財治理 | https://www.dlapiper.com/en-us/insights/publications/2026/04/ai-and-copyright-major-issues-and-direction-of-travel-in-the-uk-eu-and-china-in-q2-2026/can-ai-generated-content-be-protected-by-copyright |
| European Parliament Think Tank: Copyright of AI-generated works: Approaches in the EU | 智財治理 | https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document/EPRS_BRI |
| TIPO (Taiwan): TIPS 智慧財產管理制度 | 智財治理 | https://www.tipo.gov.tw/tw/cp-1069-953784-dd169-1.html |
| TIPS 官方網站 | 智財治理 | https://www.tips.org.tw |
| Gilbert's LLP: Canadian Patent Appeal Board says AI Cannot be an Inventor | 智財治理 | https://www.gilbertslaw.ca/insights/2025/07/canadian-patent-appeal-board-says-ai-cannot-be-an-inventor |
| WIPO: AI Infrastructure Interchange (AIII) | 智財治理 | https://www.wipo.int/meetings/en/2025/ai-infrastructure-interchange.html |
| 數位發展部新聞稿：立法院三讀通過《人工智慧基本法》 | 台灣治理 | https://moda.gov.tw/press/press-releases/18316 |
| 行政院新聞：政院通過「人工智慧基本法」草案 | 台灣治理 | https://www.ey.gov.tw/Page/9277F759E41CCD91/5d673d1e-f418-47dc-ab35-a06600f77f07 |
| Baker McKenzie：Taiwan: AI Basic Act | 台灣治理 | https://www.bakermckenzie.com/en/insight/publications/2026/01/taiwan-ai-basic-act |
| Library of Congress：Taiwan: New Law Establishes Basic Framework on Artificial Intelligence | 台灣治理 | https://www.loc.gov/item/global-legal-monitor/2026-05-07/taiwan-new-law-establishes-basic-framework-on-artificial-intelligence |
| 理律法律事務所：人工智慧基本法正式公布並施行 | 台灣治理 | https://www.leeandli.com/TW/NewslettersDetail/7566.htm |
| 法源法律網：人工智慧基本法三讀通過 | 台灣治理 | https://www.lawbank.com.tw/news/NewsContent.aspx?NID=211670.00 |
| 台灣人工智慧學校：AI基本法通過後產業實戰解讀 | 台灣治理 | https://aiacademy.tw/news-ai-fundamental-act-futurecity |
| iThome：立院三讀通過AI基本法，國科會為主管機關 | 台灣治理 | https://www.ithome.com.tw/news/172980 |
| 行政院：台灣AI行動計畫（掌握契機全面啟動產業AI化） | 台灣治理 | https://www.ey.gov.tw/Page/5A8A0CB5B41DA11E/a8ec407c-6154-4c14-8f1e-d494ec2dbf23 |
| 國科會：臺灣AI行動計畫2.0（2023-2026年）核定本 | 台灣治理 | https://digi.nstc.gov.tw/File/7C71629D702E2D89 |
| FSC 新聞稿：金管會發布「金融業運用人工智慧(AI)指引」 | 台灣治理 | https://www.fsc.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=96&parentpath=0%2C2&mcustomize=news_view.jsp&dataserno=202406200001&dtable=News |
| FSC：金融業運用人工智慧(AI)指引全文 | 台灣治理 | https://www.fsc.gov.tw/websitedowndoc?file=chfsc%2F202408231741530.pdf |
| FSC：金融業運用人工智慧(AI)之核心原則與相關推動政策公布 | 台灣治理 | https://www.fsc.gov.tw/ch/home.jsp?id=96&parentpath=0%2C2&mcustomize=news_view.jsp&dataserno=202310170002&dtable=News |
| 法源法律網：以AI為工具投入創意完成著作 智財局可受著作權保護 | 台灣治理 | https://www.lawbank.com.tw/news/NewsContent.aspx?NID=208489.00 |
| 智財局：智慧財產權月刊—生成式AI與著作權議題 | 台灣治理 | https://www.tipo.gov.tw/tw/tipo1/425-23858.html |
| 理律法律事務所：個人資料保護法修正 | 台灣治理 | https://www.leeandli.com/TW/NewslettersDetail/7532.htm |
| 理律法律事務所：資通安全管理法修正 | 台灣治理 | https://www.leeandli.com/TW/NewslettersDetail/7505.htm |
| 行政院：個人資料保護委員會組織法草案暨個資法修正草案 | 台灣治理 | https://www.ey.gov.tw/Page/9277F759E41CCD91/747cda78-926f-4205-99b3-1a735fc1b97b |
| AIEC 官網：AI產品與系統評測中心 | 台灣治理 | https://www.aiec.org.tw |
| MakerPRO：AIEC首度公布語言模型在地化評測結果 | 台灣治理 | https://makerpro.cc/2025/10/aiec-drives-localized-ai-testing-and-verification |
| TAIDE 官網：推動臺灣可信任生成式AI發展計畫 | 台灣治理 | https://taide.tw |
| 國科會：TAIDE-LX-7B模型釋出 | 台灣治理 | https://www.nstc.gov.tw/folksonomy/detail/d5a157bf-5aca-4ecf-83ce-012f351fd341?l=CH |
| 行政院：TAIDE對話引擎（重要政策） | 台灣治理 | https://www.ey.gov.tw/Page/5A8A0CB5B41DA11E/582206fe-26fc-4184-b911-aa6e4569ff3e |
| NVIDIA Blog：NVIDIA-Powered Supercomputer to Enable Quantum Leap for Taiwan Research | 台灣治理 | https://blogs.nvidia.com/blog/taiwan-research-supercomputer |
| HPCwire：NVIDIA-Powered Supercomputer to Boost Taiwan's Sovereign AI | 台灣治理 | https://www.hpcwire.com/off-the-wire/nvidia-powered-supercomputer-to-boost-taiwans-sovereign-ai-and-scientific-computing |
| TechNews：黃仁勳示警台灣AI下一關卡不是晶片是電力 | 台灣治理 | https://technews.tw/2026/05/28/jensen-huang-talk-about-taiwan-ai |
| 國研院：AI新十大建設—打造主權AI「國網雲端算力中心」啟用 | 台灣治理 | https://www.niar.org.tw/xmdoc/cont?xsmsid=0I148622737263495777&sid=0P349427790375044437 |
| 國發會：推動AI新十大建設，落實臺灣成為智慧科技島 | 台灣治理 | https://www.ndc.gov.tw/nc_14813_39422 |
| 智財局：TIPS 強化企業智慧財產經營管理計畫 | 台灣治理 | https://www.tipo.gov.tw/tw/tipo1/849.html |
| 台灣智財管理協會：TIPS A級與AA級要求 | 台灣治理 | https://www.tipa.org.tw/tc/monthly_detial508.htm |
| Join.gov.tw：國科會預告制定AI基本法草案 | 台灣治理 | https://join.gov.tw/policies/detail/4c714d85-ab9f-4b17-8335-f13b31148dc4 |
| Wikipedia：人工智慧基本法草案 | 台灣治理 | https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E4%BA%BA%E5%B7%A5%E6%99%BA%E6%85%A7%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E6%B3%95%E8%8D%89%E6%A1%88 |
| 中央社：立院三讀人工智慧基本法 國科會為主管機關 | 台灣治理 | https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aipl/202512230036.aspx |
| IAPP：Taiwan's AI governance framework unveiled | 台灣治理 | https://iapp.org/news/a/taiwan-s-ai-governance-framework-unveiled |
| US BIS Export Control Rules (Oct 2022, Oct 2023, Dec 2024) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.bis.doc.gov |
| Framework for Artificial Intelligence Diffusion (Final Rule, Jan 2025) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/01/15/2025-00636/framework-for-artificial-intelligence-diffusion |
| BIS Rescinds AI Diffusion Rule (May 2025) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.bis.gov/press-release/department-commerce-announces-rescission-biden-era-artificial-intelligence-diffusion-rule-strengthens |
| CHIPS and Science Act Wikipedia | 地緣政治與案例 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CHIPS_and_Science_Act |
| Understanding the Biden Administration's Updated Export Controls, CSIS | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.csis.org/analysis/understanding-biden-administrations-updated-export-controls |
| Timeline: GPU Export Controls & NVIDIA GPU Bans, GamersNexus | 地緣政治與案例 | https://gamersnexus.net/gpus-news/timeline-gpu-export-controls-nvidia-gpu-bans-ai-gpu-black-market |
| U.S. Export Controls and China: Advanced Semiconductors (CRS, Congress.gov) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R48642 |
| China's Export Controls on Critical Minerals (PIIE, 2024) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.piie.com/blogs/realtime-economics/2024/chinas-export-controls-critical-minerals-arent-starving-united-states |
| China Imposes New Export Controls on Gallium and Germanium (Mayer Brown, Jul 2023) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.mayerbrown.com/en/insights/publications/2023/07/china-imposes-new-export-controls-on-two-minerals-critical-to-the-manufacture-of-semiconductors |
| China Rare Earth Export Ban (CSET Georgetown, Dec 2024) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://cset.georgetown.edu/publication/china-rare-earth-export-ban |
| The Role of Compute Thresholds for AI Governance (Law-AI Institute) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://law-ai.org/the-role-of-compute-thresholds-for-ai-governance |
| Biden AI EO: Companies Must Report Large Compute Deployments (Data Center Dynamics) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/biden-ai-executive-order-says-companies-will-have-to-report-large-compute-deployments-to-us-gov |
| EU AI Act: GPAI Model Obligations in Force (Latham & Watkins, 2025) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.lw.com/en/insights/eu-ai-act-gpai-model-obligations-in-force-and-final-gpai-code-of-practice-in-place |
| EU AI Act Full Text | 地緣政治與案例 | https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=OJ:L_202401689 |
| Sovereign AI Agenda (McKinsey, 2025) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/tech-and-ai/our-insights/tech-forward/the-sovereign-ai-agenda-moving-from-ambition-to-reality |
| Sovereign AI: What it is, Country Playbooks (STL Partners, 2025) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://stlpartners.com/articles/data-centres/sovereign-ai |
| Sovereign AI: What it is, 6 Ways States Are Building It (WEF, 2024) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.weforum.org/stories/2024/04/sovereign-ai-what-is-ways-states-building |
| NYT v. OpenAI: The Times's About-Face (Harvard Law Review, 2024) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://harvardlawreview.org/blog/2024/04/nyt-v-openai-the-timess-about-face |
| Getty Images v. Stability AI Case Tracker (The Fashion Law) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.thefashionlaw.com/from-chatgpt-to-deepfake-creating-apps-a-running-list-of-key-ai-lawsuits |
| NVIDIA/Arm Transaction Termination (NVIDIA Newsroom, Feb 2022) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://nvidianews.nvidia.com/news/nvidia-and-softbank-group-announce-termination-of-nvidias-acquisition-of-arm-limited |
| French CNIL Fines Clearview AI EUR 20 Million (EDPB, Oct 2022) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.edpb.europa.eu/news/national-news/2022/french-sa-fines-clearview-ai-eur-20-million_en |
| Italian Garante Fines Clearview AI EUR 20 Million (EDPB, Feb 2022) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.edpb.europa.eu/news/national-news/2022/facial-recognition-italian-sa-fines-clearview-ai-eur-20-million_en |
| Clearview AI Another CNIL Fine (TechCrunch, May 2023) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://techcrunch.com/2023/05/10/clearview-ai-another-cnil-gspr-fine |
| Amazon Scraps AI Hiring Tool for Being Sexist (Euronews, Oct 2018) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.euronews.com/business/2018/10/10/amazon-scraps-secret-ai-recruiting-tool-that-showed-bias-against-women |
| Dutch Childcare Benefits Scandal (Wikipedia) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_childcare_benefits_scandal |
| SyRI Case Landmark Ruling (Privacy International) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://privacyinternational.org/news-analysis/3363/syri-case-landmark-ruling-benefits-claimants-around-world |
| OHCHR: Landmark Ruling Stops Government Algorithm Spy on the Poor (Feb 2020) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2020/02/landmark-ruling-dutch-court-stops-government-attempts-spy-poor-un-expert |
| Italy Orders ChatGPT Blocked (TechCrunch, Mar 2023) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://techcrunch.com/2023/03/31/chatgpt-blocked-italy |
| Italy Fines OpenAI EUR 15 Million for GDPR Violations (The Hacker News, Dec 2024) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://thehackernews.com/2024/12/italy-fines-openai-15-million-for.html |
| Moffatt v. Air Canada (McCarthy LLP, Feb 2024) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.mccarthy.ca/en/insights/blogs/techlex/moffatt-v-air-canada-misrepresentation-ai-chatbot |
| Air Canada Held Responsible for Chatbot's Hallucinations (AI Business, Feb 2024) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://aibusiness.com/nlp/air-canada-held-responsible-for-chatbot-s-hallucinations- |
| The Geopolitics of AI After DeepSeek (Bruegel, Feb 2025) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.bruegel.org/first-glance/geopolitics-artificial-intelligence-after-deepseek |
| DeepSeek, Huawei, Export Controls and Future of US-China AI Race (CSIS, 2025) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.csis.org/analysis/deepseek-huawei-export-controls-and-future-us-china-ai-race |
| AI Seoul Summit Key Takeaways (Access Partnership, May 2024) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://accesspartnership.com/key-takeaways-from-the-ai-seoul-summit-2024 |
| Seoul Declaration (Australian Government, May 2024) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.industry.gov.au/publications/seoul-declaration-countries-attending-ai-seoul-summit-21-22-may-2024 |
| Hiroshima Process International Code of Conduct (G7, Oct 2023) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/hiroshima-process-international-code-conduct-advanced-ai-systems |
| Bletchley Declaration (UK Government, Nov 2023) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/ai-safety-summit-2023-the-bletchley-declaration |
| UNESCO Recommendation on the Ethics of AI (Nov 2021) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/recommendation-ethics-artificial-intelligence |
| UN Unanimously Adopts First Resolution on Promoting Safe AI (Mar 2024) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.womblebonddickinson.com/us/insights/alerts/united-nations-unanimously-adopts-first-resolution-promoting-safe-secure-and |
| China's AI Regulations and How They Get Made (Carnegie Endowment, Jul 2023) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://carnegieendowment.org/research/2023/07/chinas-ai-regulations-and-how-they-get-made |
| China Generative AI Measures Finalized (Library of Congress, Jul 2023) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.loc.gov/item/global-legal-monitor/2023-07-18/china-generative-ai-measures-finalized |
| Canada's AIDA Death (Montreal AI Ethics Institute, 2025) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://montrealethics.ai/the-death-of-canadas-artificial-intelligence-and-data-act-what-happened-and-whats-next-for-ai-regulation-in-canada |
| Trump Revokes Biden AI EO (Wiley Law, Jan 2025) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.wiley.law/alert-President-Trump-Revokes-Biden-Administrations-AI-EO-What-To-Know |
| TSMC Role in Geopolitics (GTI, Mar 2025) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://globaltaiwan.org/2025/03/how-taiwans-chip-industry-navigates-us-industrial-policy-and-export-controls |
| C2PA Content Provenance and Deepfakes (DeepIDV) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://www.deepidv.com/media/articles/c2pa-content-provenance-digital-watermarks-fight-deepfakes |
| White House Voluntary Commitments (Jul 2023) | 地緣政治與案例 | https://harvardlawreview.org/print/vol-137/voluntary-commitments-from-leading-artificial-intelligence-companies-on-july-21-2023 |